The vineyard area of the estate is 12 hectares. While northern exposure usually generates some difficulties in wine growing, the proximity of Mount Nebrodi and Peloritani forms a climatic sac, with rainfall and sunshine that allow for optimal grape ripening, particularly for the reds. Etna also expresses its energy and strength in its soil: The sandy nature of the terrain differs between the two contradas, particulary the soil of Vigna Vico at Passopisciaro. The mineral composition of the sandy soil makes it permeable, ideal for oxygen circulation, also in deeper layers. Its predisposition also allows for root apparatus to explore and find water, even in the most arid vintages. The altitude offers harmonious synthesis of aromas and acidity, granting freshness, elegance and vitality to the wines. CONTRADA PIANO DEI DAINI AT SOLICCHIATA: Vigne Curve is a vineyard composed of 19,000 plants of Nerello Mascalese trained as espalier and cordon spur pruning, on a surface of 6 hectares. The average spacing is 2.5 meters between rows and 0.9 meters between plants. The vineyard was implanted in 2002. In 2013, a vineyard of Carricante was implanted and trained as alberell with the traditional free standing system. The vineyard surface is about 1 hectare with a spacing of 1.44 sqare meters per plant. CONTRADA SANTO SPIRITO AT PASSOPISCIARO: Vigna Vico, an ancient and valuable pre-phylloxera vineyard. Composed of 29,000 plants of Nerello Mascalese and 3.000 plants of Carricante, implanted in the late 1800's, trained as alberello, the traditional free-standing system, on a surface of 4 hectares with an average spacing of 1.2 square meters per plant.